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Scuba Forum / General / August 2004

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NITROX?

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Von Fourche - 23 Jul 2004 20:27 GMT
   So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
diver stay under compared to regular air?  According to my Padi dive tables,
you can stay at 95 feet for a total of 25 minutes, with Nitrox how long
could you stay under?  Also, what are the dangers of Nitrox?  Why do you
have to take a special lessons to use Nitrox?  I believe I read some where
that Nitrox is easier on the body, is this true?

Thanks!
Firewalker - 23 Jul 2004 20:57 GMT
>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper? And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> have to take a special lessons to use Nitrox?  I believe I read some where
> that Nitrox is easier on the body, is this true?

Read: http://home.earthlink.net/~rottner/karntrox.htm
nitespark - 23 Jul 2004 21:13 GMT
>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>
> Thanks!

Nitrox does not allow you to dive deeper.

Actually, at 95ft, your NDL bottom time is 22 minutes (using air).
Using 32% nitrox, it would be 30 minutes.

This would also convert into a shorter SI assuming you spent the same
amount of time using nitrox as you did air at any given depth.

You run the dangers of Oxygen toxicity.

You need to take lessons in using Nitrox because while it has its
advantages, it also has some dangers.  Go too deep you die.

Not sure what you mean by "easier on the body".  Some people report they
feel a lot less tired after diving nitrox.  Others say it doesn't make
much difference.  I fall in the latter category.

To me, nitrox is a tool I use while diving.  I don't use it on every
dive.  Most of the times when I use it, is when I know I will be flying
the next day.  I will dive as high concentration of nitrox as I can use
and limit my depth.  While I could in all probability dive air and fly
the next day and be fine, diving nitrox and limiting my depth just gives
me an extra margin of safety.
Von Fourche - 23 Jul 2004 21:16 GMT
> >     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> > allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
> Actually, at 95ft, your NDL bottom time is 22 minutes (using air).
> Using 32% nitrox, it would be 30 minutes.

   oops, I meant to say 90 feet you have 25 minutes, according to my Padi
dive tables.
nitespark - 23 Jul 2004 21:34 GMT
>>>    So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know
>
[quoted text clipped - 22 lines]
>     oops, I meant to say 90 feet you have 25 minutes, according to my Padi
> dive tables.

OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
Grumman-581 - 26 Jul 2004 00:30 GMT
> OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.

So, you turn it to a deco dive... Run the numbers... How long are you going
to be hanging on the anchor line?
nitespark - 26 Jul 2004 01:29 GMT
>>OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
>
> So, you turn it to a deco dive... Run the numbers... How long are you going
> to be hanging on the anchor line?

I have not taken any technical diving courses, so I am not going to even
have a try at that one.
Lee Bell - 26 Jul 2004 11:58 GMT
> >>OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
> >
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> I have not taken any technical diving courses, so I am not going to even
> have a try at that one.

I suggest you consider some independent study on the subject.  Most divers
do their first deco dives unintentionally, by overstaying their no deco time
or by exceeding their planned depth.  It's kind of nice to know what to do
if that happens to you.  It's not exactly rocket science.

Lee
HLAviation - 26 Jul 2004 01:50 GMT
Why would that turn it into a deco dive? If the NDL on Air is 25 min and the
NDL for 36% is 35min, why would either be a deco dive (even though all dives
are deco dives)?
> > OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
>
> So, you turn it to a deco dive... Run the numbers... How long are you going
> to be hanging on the anchor line?
Grumman-581 - 26 Jul 2004 04:11 GMT
> Why would that turn it into a deco dive? If the NDL on Air is 25 min and the
> NDL for 36% is 35min, why would either be a deco dive (even though all dives
> are deco dives)?

Do the dive on air and do it for 35 minutes instead of the NDL of 25
minutes... It'll then be a deco dive... The question was how much deco time
are you going to be hit with and at what depths... Or in other words, how
much did that extra 10 minutes really cost you... Now, if you can do
something useful during that deco (e.g. drift along a decreasing depth reef,
read a book, or whatever), maybe it makes for a longer useful dive... All in
all, hanging on an anchor line with nothing to do / read gets boring...
James Smullins - 26 Jul 2004 02:15 GMT
>> OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
>
> So, you turn it to a deco dive... Run the numbers... How long are you
> going to be hanging on the anchor line?

this is direct from my NAUI ean dive tables.
normal air 90fsw = 25 min. with no deco stop
ean 32     90fsw = 40 min. with no deco stop
ean 36     90fsw = 50 min. with no deco stop

This is why those of us who dive nitrox do so. You get much better bottem
time for only a few dollers more per tank. And for me I always seem to
have more energy after each dive. More oxygen = more energy.

Jim
Joe English - 26 Jul 2004 04:12 GMT
>>>OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
>>
[quoted text clipped - 11 lines]
>
> Jim
the last I read there is no physiological effect of Enriched Air.  There
may however be a psychological one.
Jammer Six - 26 Jul 2004 04:53 GMT
> the last I read there is no physiological effect of Enriched Air.  There
> may however be a psychological one.

Don't tell him.

Once he knows, his advantage will vanish.

Signature

"We're going to rush the hijackers."
    -Jeremy Glick, aboard United Airlines flight 93, September 11, 2001

Joe English - 26 Jul 2004 12:35 GMT
> € the last I read there is no physiological effect of Enriched Air.  There
> € may however be a psychological one.
>
> Don't tell him.
>
> Once he knows, his advantage will vanish.

sorry, my bad!
James Smullins - 26 Jul 2004 12:11 GMT
>>>>OK, at 90 ft, your NDL is 35 minutes vs air which is 25 minutes.
>>>
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> the last I read there is no physiological effect of Enriched Air.  There
> may however be a psychological one.

Yeah I know this. But most of the people I have talked to feel the same
way. It could all be in our heads, we tend to be an odd lot. That is why I
used "for me"

Jim
Adam Helberg - 23 Jul 2004 22:55 GMT
>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>
> Thanks!

You can actually dive deeper with air than with Nitrox because of risk of seizure
with Nitrox at depth. Nitrox has less nitrogen so at recreational depths you can stay
longer within non deco limits there is less nitrogen narcosis.

Adam
chilly - 24 Jul 2004 00:22 GMT
> >     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> > allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
> You can actually dive deeper with air than with Nitrox because of risk of seizure
> with Nitrox at depth.Nitrox has less nitrogen so at recreational depths
you can stay
> longer within non deco limits there is less nitrogen narcosis.

As to the effects of narcosis, that's arguable.
Joe English - 24 Jul 2004 03:48 GMT
>>    So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
>>allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 11 lines]
>
> Adam

Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
of Nitrox!
Adam Helberg - 24 Jul 2004 07:22 GMT
> >>    So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> >>allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 14 lines]
> Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
> of Nitrox!

Yes you are right. For EAN36 at 100 ft the PO2 is about 1.4 atm, which is usually
taken as the conservative max, so you should conservatively stay below 100 ft with
this mixture. With EAN32 the same limit is just over 110 ft. While recreational limit
is usually taken as 130ft.

Adam
chilly - 24 Jul 2004 07:58 GMT
> > Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
> > of Nitrox!
>
> Yes you are right. For EAN36 at 100 ft the PO2 is about 1.4 atm, which is usually
> taken as the conservative max, so you should conservatively stay below 100 ft with
> this mixture.

Excuse me?

>With EAN32 the same limit is just over 110 ft. While recreational limit
> is usually taken as 130ft.

Eh?  Say what?
Adam Helberg - 24 Jul 2004 08:29 GMT
> > > Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
> > > of Nitrox!
[quoted text clipped - 11 lines]
>
> Eh?  Say what?

Am I wrong?
chilly - 24 Jul 2004 09:08 GMT
> > > > Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
> > > > of Nitrox!
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
>
> Am I wrong?

The way I read this, you said for EAN36 . . .you should conservately stay
BELOW 100ft.  Ergo, the rest of your sentences seemed to read oddly, if you
consider the "context".
Joe English - 24 Jul 2004 14:12 GMT
>>>>Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
>>>>of Nitrox!
[quoted text clipped - 17 lines]
>
> Am I wrong?

Yes - you wrote stay below 100 ft when you mean stay above 100'  I knew
what you meant
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 18:09 GMT
>Wrong - the limits of recreational depth is too deep for most mixtures
>of Nitrox!

What is that supposed to mean?

What is "most mixtures of Nitrox"?

The "Most Frequent"? That would probably be 32.

Your statement is very misleading and ill-advised.

EAN21-EAN32 are all acceptable mixes for recreational limit depths (0-130).
Looking at just the whole numbers and not counting EAN21, there are 11
mixes available for use upto/over 130 feet, and only 8 available that
are not. In that context, you're just plain wrong.

You can't mean anything as silly as actual fractions, because they
are infinite and at any rate 11 infinities is clearly bigger than 8
infinities. Do you suppose that Nitrox only comes in 32,36 and 40?

So, what exactly did you mean, and who certified you for Nitrox?

safe diving,

bullshark
John - 25 Jul 2004 10:30 GMT
Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air

Do the research before spreading the BS that the folks SELLING Nitrox
want folks to believe.

John

>>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
>> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 11 lines]
>
>Adam
Dennis \(Icarus\) - 25 Jul 2004 13:55 GMT
> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air

I've not experienced that.

> Do the research before spreading the BS that the folks SELLING Nitrox
> want folks to believe.

Feel free to back your claim. The researdch I've done indicates that you're
less likjely to experience narcosis with a givne nitrox mix than with air.

http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=nitrox+nitro
gen+narcosis


Dennis

> John
>
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
> >
> >Adam

Signature

Thermonuclear War.
It's the -responsible- environmental alternative
                Popeye

Lee Bell - 25 Jul 2004 14:43 GMT
> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air

This really is hard for most of us to confirm.  Theoretically, oxygen should
be more narcotic than nitrogen except for the fact that the body actually
uses the oxygen in the system.  Nobody's real sure how that effects actual
results.

Testing, so far, seems inconclusive.  Most divers that get significantly
narced at 100 feet or so, the limit of standard nitrox mixes, are not the
kind of divers that usually move on to nitrox in the first place.

Personally, I use nitrox on most dives.  I don't normally notice narcosis
when I'm diving on air or nitrox, so I have to say that "my" experience is
that nitrox results in no greater narcosis than air and may, in fact, result
in less.

Lee
mike gray - 25 Jul 2004 15:54 GMT
>> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
>> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> uses the oxygen in the system.  Nobody's real sure how that effects actual
> results.

Actually a great deal of research, all proving that O is not narcotic,
has been done, peer reviewed, published, and accepted in the
anesthesiology biz.

Figure another fifty years for that to filter down to the rec.scuba
community which is still debating an 85 year old solubility hypothesis.
Lee Bell - 26 Jul 2004 11:56 GMT
> >> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
> >> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
> Figure another fifty years for that to filter down to the rec.scuba
> community which is still debating an 85 year old solubility hypothesis.

Cool.  Internet site available?  I'm on my way to Arkansas this morning.
This might make interesting reading in the hotel.

Lee
mike gray - 26 Jul 2004 16:13 GMT
>> Actually a great deal of research, all proving that O is not narcotic,
>> has been done, peer reviewed, published, and accepted in the
[quoted text clipped - 7 lines]
>
> Lee

Start yer search with Junod, who first described narc in divers in 1835.

Jump to Meyer and Overton, who seperately developed the idea of
predicting the strength of inert gases as anaesthetics by comparing
their solubility in olive oil. That was around the turn of the twentieth
century, when they didn't know that Oxygen might someday be declared an
inert gas by the recreational diving community.

Follow that line, and you will find several hundred trials of all kinds
of gases, including Oxygen, describing their narcotic effect (or lack
thereof), alone and in combination with other gases, and the degree to
which the Overton and Meyer hypotheses apply (close for some classes of
gases, way off for others).

To date, I can't find a single one that suggests that Oxygen is either
inert, or narcotic at partial pressures below that which would kill you.

If that does not convince ya, take a chamber ride. At PPO2 of 2.8 (Table
VI) note how narc'd you are. If it's gonna be a long ride, be sure to
take a chess board or some heavy reading to relieve the boredom.
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 15:03 GMT
>Actually a great deal of research, all proving that O is not narcotic,
>has been done, peer reviewed, published, and accepted in the
>anesthesiology biz.

Narcosis is subjective and even with Nitrogen, it's actual mechanism
for manifestation is UNKNOWN. A couple of medical doctors concluding that
O2 is not good for anesthesia doesn't mean sh.t for narcosis or it's
effects on divers.

>Figure another fifty years for that to filter down to the rec.scuba
>community which is still debating an 85 year old solubility hypothesis.

Whether or not O2 is narcotic is irrelevant. What *IS* important is whether
Nitrox is less narcotic than Air. The plain truth is that the Nitrogen
necessary to induce narcosis MAY BE far below the amounts present in the
richest of recreational nitrox mixes.

BTW, it *remains* a "hypothesis". A hypothesis that remains a hypothesis
after 85 years, is MORE suspect, not LESS.

The *fact* is, that neither I nor my wife, can detect any reduced level
of narcosis using nitrox vs. AIR. Neither can ANYONE ELSE. It is subjective
and there is no possibility of making a concrete determination.

The *fact* is, that the WORST narcosis in my experience was in just 80 feet
breathing EAN36. This, while having significant experience over 100 feet and
as deep as 160-170 with no difficulties.

It is just plain silly for anyone, anywhere to presume that Nitrox is
less narcotic than air.

First, there is no value to the conclusion, unless you plan to attempt a
dive on Nitrox that you would not attempt on air due to narcosis effects.

Second, the presumption that Nitrox is just as narcotic as air costs
*NOTHING*, and has the benefit of preventing you from attempting anything
as stupid as the first objection.

safe diving,

bullshark
mike gray - 01 Aug 2004 15:37 GMT
>>Actually a great deal of research, all proving that O is not narcotic,
>>has been done, peer reviewed, published, and accepted in the
[quoted text clipped - 33 lines]
> *NOTHING*, and has the benefit of preventing you from attempting anything
> as stupid as the first objection.

Narcosis is subjective only among a radical fringe element of
recreational scuba divers.

The rest of the world has entered the scientific age.

How was yer trip?
Alan Street - 01 Aug 2004 18:04 GMT
> > Second, the presumption that Nitrox is just as narcotic as air costs
> > *NOTHING*, and has the benefit of preventing you from attempting anything
> > as stupid as the first objection.
>
> Narcosis is subjective only among a radical fringe element of
> recreational scuba divers.

Careful, now. Keep talking like this and Mike Kane will have to lecture
us about CO2 washout.
mike gray - 02 Aug 2004 00:51 GMT
>> > Second, the presumption that Nitrox is just as narcotic as air costs
>> > *NOTHING*, and has the benefit of preventing you from attempting anything
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> Careful, now. Keep talking like this and Mike Kane will have to lecture
> us about CO2 washout.

A fate worse than dark narc!
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 21:00 GMT
>How was yer trip?

Dive after dive, day after day, in warm, 200+ visibility on 3000 foot walls
full of Eagle rays...just the usual stuff.

I hear you had a pretty unique pick up the other day...
Are you thinking of trying it from both ends?

safe diving,

bullshark
mike gray - 02 Aug 2004 01:03 GMT
>>How was yer trip?
>
> Dive after dive, day after day, in warm, 200+ visibility on 3000 foot walls
> full of Eagle rays...just the usual stuff.

Lots of eagles locally the past few weeks. Must be time for an open
season...

> I hear you had a pretty unique pick up the other day...
> Are you thinking of trying it from both ends?

Yeah. Will talk about that next time we are face to face.
Rich Lockyer - 01 Aug 2004 20:54 GMT
>Whether or not O2 is narcotic is irrelevant. What *IS* important is whether
>Nitrox is less narcotic than Air. The plain truth is that the Nitrogen
>necessary to induce narcosis MAY BE far below the amounts present in the
>richest of recreational nitrox mixes.

Add to that, the fact that as you go deeper, you need to reduce the
amount of O2 in the mix.
At 80ft, you can run EAN40, which reduces your N2 level by 20%.  Okay,
that's a significant reduction, and would reduce your END to about
65ft.

At 110ft, you are forced to EAN32, which is now only an 11% reduction
in N2, which puts your END at 100ft.

Still just as a significant potential for narcosis.

And few argue that narcosis is a serious issue at depths above 100ft.

So... we don't have to worry about narcosis above 100ft.
Nitrox is useless at mitigating narcosis below 100ft.

The whole debate is moot.

Now we're left with....

...personal preference. :)

If I'm planning a dive to 150ft, what mixture am I going to use?
If I assume that O2 is narcotic, then I'm going to go in with 35%
helium.
If I assume that O2 is not narcotic, then perhaps I can go in with 20%
helium.

How much do I want to spend on helium?

Or I can bank EAN32, prime the tanks with helium, and have a proper
mixture for any depth, only needing to mess with O2 for filling the
banks or mixing deco gasses.

 --- Rich
 http://richlockyer.tripod.com/
mike gray - 02 Aug 2004 00:59 GMT
>>Whether or not O2 is narcotic is irrelevant. What *IS* important is whether
>>Nitrox is less narcotic than Air. The plain truth is that the Nitrogen
[quoted text clipped - 34 lines]
> mixture for any depth, only needing to mess with O2 for filling the
> banks or mixing deco gasses.

Yeah. That's pretty much the bottom line.
mike gray - 25 Jul 2004 15:49 GMT
> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
>
> Do the research before spreading the BS that the folks SELLING Nitrox
> want folks to believe.

Suggest you follow yer own advice.
TonyP - 26 Jul 2004 13:49 GMT
>> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
>> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
>
> Suggest you follow yer own advice.

this is rec.scuba. when did knowing what you are talking about mattered? :)
HLAviation - 25 Jul 2004 19:20 GMT
> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
>
> Do the research before spreading the BS that the folks SELLING Nitrox
> want folks to believe.

That doesn't make sense. Are you claiming O2 as Narcotic? If so, can you
explain why I don't get narced at high PO2s of HeO2 mixes where I would be
narced at the same PO2 of Air?
John - 26 Jul 2004 12:50 GMT
Based on lipid solubility, Oxygen in theory is MORE narcotic than
nitrogen.  I have NOT seen ANY controlled studies that show that
Nitrox is LESS narcotic than air at the same depth

I know that Bill Hamiliton (Hamilton Research) feels that this holds
true

Can you quote ANY controlled studies that say otherwise, other than
the organizations makeing money off Nitrox and struggling to find
OTHER reasons for Nitrox??

John

>> Frankly, with NITROX at the same depth, there is either the SAME
>> amount of narcosis or maybe even a little bit MORE than with air
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>explain why I don't get narced at high PO2s of HeO2 mixes where I would be
>narced at the same PO2 of Air?
mike gray - 26 Jul 2004 16:22 GMT
> Based on lipid solubility, Oxygen in theory is MORE narcotic than
> nitrogen.  I have NOT seen ANY controlled studies that show that
> Nitrox is LESS narcotic than air at the same depth

Lipid solubility tests are valid only for the noble gases. They are
worthless for all others, including Oxygen.

> I know that Bill Hamiliton (Hamilton Research) feels that this holds
> true
>
> Can you quote ANY controlled studies that say otherwise, other than
> the organizations makeing money off Nitrox and struggling to find
> OTHER reasons for Nitrox??

If you get bent, you will be recompressed to PPO2 of 2.8 for extended
periods. This has been done tens of thousands of times. No narcosis has
ever been noted.

I can quote a few hundred controlled studies from sources with no
connection to diving that say there is no narcotic effect of Oxygen at
sub-lethal partial pressures, and will do so for $3.00 (US) per cite.

I will pay you $10.00 (US) per cite for controlled studies showing a
narcotic effect for Oxygen.
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 18:01 GMT
>If you get bent, you will be recompressed to PPO2 of 2.8 for extended
>periods. This has been done tens of thousands of times. No narcosis has
>ever been noted.

A couple of notes:

You are not "recompressed to a PPO2 of 2.8".

If and only if you are subjected to a table 6 (generally for type II),
then you will be recompressed in AIR, to a depth/pressure of 60fswg/26.72 PSIG,
where you will breathe O2 from a mask with a resultant PO2 of ~2.8.

This may seem nitpicky, but it is not. It's like saying a plane ascends
to a PO2 of 0.043. The PO2 in the chamber at the T-6 initial compression,
is 0.59. Were it a table 6A then everything it's all different (165 fswg).

Two: To the best of my knowledge, there are no attempts made in the
course of "tens of thousands" of hyperbaric treatments to assess the
mental acuity of the patient before, during, or after the treatment
beyond conscious/not and comfortable/not. Inside tenders do not breathe
O2 on standard T-6, so nothing is gained by their examination in this respect,
though AFAIK nothing is done, and inside tenders are presumed impaired
(One of the reasons internal tenders do not operate the machinery).

Narcosis at 60 fswg (2.82 ata), though present and detectable, is not
severe, even in air. Obvious/severe narcosis which is easily detectable
at 100+ fswg (4+ ata) is a little hard to test on O2. Even the most sadistic of
researchers is not likely to ask subjects to perform/complete mental acuity
and dexterity tests in pure O2 at 4 or 5 ata. It's not likely that the
subject would complete the exam and repeat assessments would not be likely
either; at least not voluntarily.

Nitrogen narcosis requires Nitrogen of course. The absence of nitrogen in
breathing gas does not dismiss all nitrogen from the body, and not all
nitrogen in solution is removed when passed by the lungs.

Breathing pure O2, it would take about 5 days to remove all the N2 in
your body. Leaving the surface and becoming compressed, you have significant
amounts of Nitrogen in circulation that will remain that way regardless
of what you are breathing.

There is no body of proof anywhere that I know of that will substantiate
any claim to reduced narcosis using Nitrox.

Since Paul Bert noticed it all those years ago, no one has yet defined
the physiological etiology of inert gas narcosis. All the hypothetical
crap is just that.

I don't really care whether O2 is narcotic or not. What I do care about is
that in my experience there is no reduction in narcosis using Nitrox vs. Air.

Personally, I believe the reason for this is that the reduction of available
N2 using recreational mixes is probably insignificant with respect to the
amount of N2 necessary for narcosis to instantiate. Using the richest mix,
the N2 reduction is, after all, only 24%. If you can't accurately measure
narcosis in the first place, how can you measure 3/4 narcosis? Using EAN32
(likely in depths where narcosis is markedly evident in everyone) the advantage
is 14%...can anyone here really claim to be only 86% narc'd or able to observe
14% less narcosis?

Nitrox divers are just as narc'd as air divers. The narcosis event itself
is highly subjective. You've been narc'd lots of times at a certain depth.
According to you, only once(or so) was it "dark". My worst narc ever, was
at a piddling 80 feet breathing EAN36, not breathing air at 150...

I think the discussion of O2 narcotic potential is moot and not really
relevant to whether or not Nitrox is less narcotic.

safe diving,

bullshark
mike gray - 02 Aug 2004 00:49 GMT
>>If you get bent, you will be recompressed to PPO2 of 2.8 for extended
>>periods. This has been done tens of thousands of times. No narcosis has
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> This may seem nitpicky, but it is not.

No, it's not nitpicky. It's wrong.

> It's like saying a plane ascends
> to a PO2 of 0.043. The PO2 in the chamber at the T-6 initial compression,
> is 0.59. Were it a table 6A then everything it's all different (165 fswg).

No, it has nothing to do with airplanes. Except that a pilot breathing
O2 on an oral/nasal mask has an O2 exposure that has nothing to do with
what the ambient gas happens to be.

A table 6 ride is a recompression to PPO2 2.8 regardless or whether the
ambient is air, helium, methane, molasses, or water. Air happens to be
cheap and safe, and not as sticky as molasses.

> Two: To the best of my knowledge, there are no attempts made in the
> course of "tens of thousands" of hyperbaric treatments to assess the
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> though AFAIK nothing is done, and inside tenders are presumed impaired
> (One of the reasons internal tenders do not operate the machinery).

Wrong again. There are a number of studies of the mental acuity of
chamber riders, for the most important reason that in most chamber rides
the rider has to be able to follow instructions from outside the chamber.

Since the 1970s, DCIEM has been developing and using non-subjective
testing of the effects on acuity of hyperbaric gases. Anesthesiologists,
including the American College, are very close to understanding the
narcotic effect of respirable gases.

In commercial and military chambers, reading material and games are
standard equipment. No one has ever commented that their faculties were
impaired.

> Narcosis at 60 fswg (2.82 ata), though present and detectable, is not
> severe, even in air. Obvious/severe narcosis which is easily detectable
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> subject would complete the exam and repeat assessments would not be likely
> either; at least not voluntarily.

I believe I did mention that, above fatal exposures, O2 might make you
giddy or depressed.

> Nitrogen narcosis requires Nitrogen of course. The absence of nitrogen in
> breathing gas does not dismiss all nitrogen from the body, and not all
> nitrogen in solution is removed when passed by the lungs.

We're talking O2 narcosis, which doesn't exist. Don't change the subject.

> Breathing pure O2, it would take about 5 days to remove all the N2 in
> your body. Leaving the surface and becoming compressed, you have significant
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> There is no body of proof anywhere that I know of that will substantiate
> any claim to reduced narcosis using Nitrox.

Which is another way of saying that Oxygen is at least as narcotic as
Nitrogen. Problem is, outside of rec.scuba there is no claim by anyone
at all that Oxygen is narcotic at all.

The rec.scuba conundrum.....

> Since Paul Bert noticed it all those years ago, no one has yet defined
> the physiological etiology of inert gas narcosis. All the hypothetical
> crap is just that.

Bert was a bit late noticing it. But they're getting pretty close to
understanding it.

> I don't really care whether O2 is narcotic or not. What I do care about is
> that in my experience there is no reduction in narcosis using Nitrox vs. Air.

And my experience is that Milky Ways substantially reduce narcosis.

> Personally, I believe the reason for this is that the reduction of available
> N2 using recreational mixes is probably insignificant with respect to the
> amount of N2 necessary for narcosis to instantiate. Using the richest mix,
> the N2 reduction is, after all, only 24%. If you can't accurately measure
> narcosis in the first place, how can you measure 3/4 narcosis?

Cortical response?

> Using EAN32
> (likely in depths where narcosis is markedly evident in everyone) the advantage
> is 14%...can anyone here really claim to be only 86% narc'd or able to observe
> 14% less narcosis?

Ummmmmmmmm........  Yes.

> Nitrox divers are just as narc'd as air divers. The narcosis event itself
> is highly subjective. You've been narc'd lots of times at a certain depth.
> According to you, only once(or so) was it "dark". My worst narc ever, was
> at a piddling 80 feet breathing EAN36, not breathing air at 150...

The manifestations are subjective. In fact, divers told they will be
narc'd are much more likely to think they are narc'd than divers told
they won't be.

That's why narc is pandemic among recreational divers (who want the
bragging rights of a good narc in the pool), but rare among military and
commercial divers under the same conditions.

But it's not all in yer head. There are non-subjective measures.

> I think the discussion of O2 narcotic potential is moot and not really
> relevant to whether or not Nitrox is less narcotic.

Then why in hell did you rant on so much?
Steve - 02 Aug 2004 04:41 GMT
>> Breathing pure O2, it would take about 5 days to remove all the N2 in
>> your body. Leaving the surface and becoming compressed, you have
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
> Nitrogen. Problem is, outside of rec.scuba there is no claim by anyone
> at all that Oxygen is narcotic at all.

Actually, he seems to have made a point of discussing the N2 that will still be in
the body regardless of what's being breathed during the dive. That doesn't
necessarily suggest that O2 is narcotic, but rather a reduction in inspired N2 won't
necessarily reduce narcosis that results from the N2 that's still there. OTOH, that
raises interesting questions about the reduction in narcosis while using tri-mix or
heliox. The one thing that would seem to be an obvious conclusion is that if reducing
N2 by replacement with He reduces narcosis but replacing it with O2 doesn't reduce
narcosis then either O2 is narcotic or He counters narcosis, rather than simply not
causing it.

Never having been quite curious enough about narcosis to delve into it deeply (no pun
intended) I'm out on a limb here, but is it reasonable to assume that narcosis is
caused only by N2 that crosses from the bloodstream into the brain during the dive?
Since the N2 isn't metabolized, isn't it a reasonable assumption that the N2 that is
already dissolved in the brain tissue would cause narcosis? If that's the mechanism,
then the only thing that matters at any given moment is the ambient pressure and the
resultant ppN2. Over a period of time, the absolute amount of N2 dissolved in the
brain will change based on the ppN2 of the breathing gas. What studies have been done
on narcosis at any given pressure relative to the time spent at elevated pressures
(or after a period of N2 offgassing)?

>> Using EAN32
>> (likely in depths where narcosis is markedly evident in everyone) the
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>
> Ummmmmmmmm........  Yes.

Can one notice a decrease of 14% in a narc by ascending from 120' to 98'? Or might
one notice a decrease that appears to be far more than 14%

Signature

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Adam Helberg - 02 Aug 2004 04:58 GMT
> >> Breathing pure O2, it would take about 5 days to remove all the N2 in
> >> your body. Leaving the surface and becoming compressed, you have
[quoted text clipped - 41 lines]
> Can one notice a decrease of 14% in a narc by ascending from 120' to 98'? Or might
> one notice a decrease that appears to be far more than 14%

I think you've answered your own question. We know when you're narced you get rapid
relief by ascending, so that tells you that the brain is a very fast tissue because
of its incredible blood perfusion,  the blood-brain barrier is permeable to N2, and
N2 is not very soluble in blood.  So dropping the ppN2 in you mixture should decrease
quickly the ppN2 of brain tissue. If Nitrox is not less narcotic than air it cannot
be because of residual nitrogen in the brain.

Adam
Steve - 02 Aug 2004 05:23 GMT
> I think you've answered your own question. We know when you're narced you get rapid
> relief by ascending, so that tells you that the brain is a very fast tissue because
> of its incredible blood perfusion,

While brain tissue may in fact be extremely fast, the reduction in narcosis as a
result of ascent tells me that narcosis is related to ambient pressure. If a narced
diver switches to trimix and has an immediate reduction in narcosis that would
suggest that the N2 that's still in the brain doesn't contribute (significantly) to
narcosis or that the offgassing by brain tissue is almost instantaneous.

>  the blood-brain barrier is permeable to N2, and
> N2 is not very soluble in blood.

If N2 is "not very soluble in blood", how does it carry so much N2 to and from all
those fast tissues (assuming it isn't all done with micro-bubbles)? Short of
transport as bubbles, no tissue can be faster than the blood that carries the N2,
right (other than the alveoli, anyway)? If tissues are fast as a result of perfusion,
why isn't hard exercise after a dive good for offgassing?

  So dropping the ppN2 in you mixture should decrease
> quickly the ppN2 of brain tissue. If Nitrox is not less narcotic than air it cannot
> be because of residual nitrogen in the brain.

If you're breathing EAN 40, and you're below 12 feet the PPN2 is higher than .78 so
your brain will only be offgassing N2 that is beyond the normal amount at the
surface. Unless you spend some time breathing something with very little N2, at any
pressure at which narcosis is an issue you're going to have residual N2.

Signature

Steve

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belief that it was intended as a statement of fact.

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Adam Helberg - 03 Aug 2004 02:10 GMT
> > I think you've answered your own question. We know when you're narced you get rapid
> > relief by ascending, so that tells you that the brain is a very fast tissue because
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> suggest that the N2 that's still in the brain doesn't contribute (significantly) to
> narcosis or that the offgassing by brain tissue is almost instantaneous.

You are right here. I have to take back what I said here. The anesthetic effect is
related to the partial pressure not the amount of the gas. When you ascend the pp
drops and so does the narcotic effect. The amount of nitrogen in tissue is important
to DCS not to the anesthetic effect.

> >  the blood-brain barrier is permeable to N2, and
> > N2 is not very soluble in blood.
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> right (other than the alveoli, anyway)? If tissues are fast as a result of perfusion,
> why isn't hard exercise after a dive good for offgassing?

A gas does not have to very soluble in blood to be carried to tissues. In fact the
amount dissolved in blood acts like a dead reservoir, those gases with less
solubility in blood are brought more quickly to the brain. It is the partial pressure
that is important for diffusion not the amount dissolved, and pp rises more quickly
for less soluble gases.

>    So dropping the ppN2 in you mixture should decrease
> > quickly the ppN2 of brain tissue. If Nitrox is not less narcotic than air it cannot
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> surface. Unless you spend some time breathing something with very little N2, at any
> pressure at which narcosis is an issue you're going to have residual N2.
Steve - 03 Aug 2004 03:29 GMT
> A gas does not have to very soluble in blood to be carried to tissues. In fact the
> amount dissolved in blood acts like a dead reservoir, those gases with less
> solubility in blood are brought more quickly to the brain. It is the partial pressure
> that is important for diffusion not the amount dissolved, and pp rises more quickly
> for less soluble gases.

I'm not sure I'm following this.

If the gas is more soluble in any given tissue than it is in blood then it seems
obvious that however much is disolved in the blood will happily dissolve into other
tissues from the blood, but it seems that the blood would take its sweet time in
delivering any given amount of gas. Any chance that when you say N2 isn't
particularly soluble in blood you're simply comparing N2 to something like O2 or CO
as opposed to comparing solubility of N2 in other tissues?

Sure, it's the pp that drives diffusion, but how soluble a gas is in different
tissues is what determines whether that tissue is considered a fast tissue or a slow
tissue and how much gas it can absorb at any given pressure.

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Steve

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belief that it was intended as a statement of fact.

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Scott - 03 Aug 2004 03:44 GMT
> > A gas does not have to very soluble in blood to be carried to tissues. In fact the
> > amount dissolved in blood acts like a dead reservoir, those gases with less
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
>
> I'm not sure I'm following this.

I bet you are.
Adam Helberg - 03 Aug 2004 04:52 GMT
> > A gas does not have to very soluble in blood to be carried to tissues. In fact the
> > amount dissolved in blood acts like a dead reservoir, those gases with less
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
> particularly soluble in blood you're simply comparing N2 to something like O2 or CO
> as opposed to comparing solubility of N2 in other tissues?
That may be true if the blood were a still reservoir, but it continuously transports
gases from the lungs to tissues. If you divide the tissues into fast and slow blood
would be considered a fast tissue because of its low solubility and access to the
lungs.

> Sure, it's the pp that drives diffusion, but how soluble a gas is in different
> tissues is what determines whether that tissue is considered a fast tissue or a slow
> tissue and how much gas it can absorb at any given pressure.
I agree. Also access to the circulation affects whether it's slow or fast tissue.
H. Huntzinger - 05 Aug 2004 12:48 GMT
> While brain tissue may in fact be extremely fast, the reduction in narcosis
> as a result of ascent tells me that narcosis is related to ambient pressure.

Agreed.

> If a narced diver switches to trimix and has an immediate reduction in
> narcosis that would suggest that the N2 that's still in the brain
> doesn't contribute (significantly) to narcosis or that the offgassing
> by brain tissue is almost instantaneous.

And interestingly enough, what does that really mean?  Afterall if
"immediate relief" offered by a swap to Trimix can't be physiological,
then it is primarily psychological...

Since we've already seen evidence of psychological effects by making
test subjects predisposed, there's ample reason to believe that it
should be expected to show up on the Air/Mix gas swaps in training
classes.

-hh
HLAviation - 26 Jul 2004 17:18 GMT
How does lipid solubility apply to Oxygen and narcosis?
I'm not looking at any studies, I'm looking at my own diving experience
with Air at PO2 of 1.6, HeO2 at PO2 of 1.6 and Trimix at PO2 of 1.6. My
personal experience doesn't bear out your theory. Might just be my
physiology (damn alien breeding programs...)

> Based on lipid solubility, Oxygen in theory is MORE narcotic than
> nitrogen.  I have NOT seen ANY controlled studies that show that
[quoted text clipped - 18 lines]
> >explain why I don't get narced at high PO2s of HeO2 mixes where I would be
> >narced at the same PO2 of Air?
James Smullins - 25 Jul 2004 12:28 GMT
>>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know
>>     it
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
>
> Adam

This is a deadly myth. The only real advantage of nitrox is longer bottem
time due to lower nitrogen intake. But since you have a higher oxygen
percentege you must stay at shallower depths. Oxygen gets toxic as you go
deeper the more oxygen you have the sooner you will hit that toxic mark.

I use nitrox on most dives prefer ean 34 since about the deepest I will
hit is 98 fsw and that mix gives me about 19 more feet beyond that before
it starts getting into the warning area.

Jim
Lee Bell - 25 Jul 2004 13:10 GMT
Adam Helberg wrote:
> > You can actually dive deeper with air than with Nitrox because of risk of
> > seizure with Nitrox at depth. Nitrox has less nitrogen so at recreational
> > depths you can stay longer within non deco limits there is less nitrogen
> > narcosis.

Your responded
> This is a deadly myth.

What's a deadly myth?  Both of you addressed the depth limitation of Nitrox.

> The only real advantage of nitrox is longer bottem
> time due to lower nitrogen intake. But since you have a higher oxygen
> percentege you must stay at shallower depths. Oxygen gets toxic as you go
> deeper the more oxygen you have the sooner you will hit that toxic mark.

> I use nitrox on most dives prefer ean 34 since about the deepest I will
> hit is 98 fsw and that mix gives me about 19 more feet beyond that before
> it starts getting into the warning area.

Lee
James Smullins - 25 Jul 2004 19:27 GMT
> Adam Helberg wrote:
>> > You can actually dive deeper with air than with Nitrox because of risk
[quoted text clipped - 20 lines]
>
> Lee

Thats what I get for responding while half a sleep. I even see  a typo
that if I where to follow to get me in big trouble.

Sorry all

Jim
Dennis \(Icarus\) - 25 Jul 2004 13:46 GMT
> >>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know
> >>     it
[quoted text clipped - 15 lines]
>
> This is a deadly myth. The only real advantage of nitrox is longer bottem

What myth? You can dive deeper with air than with nitrox.
Well, if you want to pick nits, its all nitrox, air is EAN21. :-)

try this:
max depth
   Po2 / F02 -1
   1.4 / .21 = 5.67 atmospheres, or 187 feet
   1.4 / .36 = 2.89 atmospheres or 95 feet.

or if you want to use 1.6 you can go a bit deeper.

Last I checked, 187 is deeper than 95.

> time due to lower nitrogen intake. But since you have a higher oxygen

which is what he says - you can stay longer within the no-deco limits - less
nitrogen narcosis.
> percentege you must stay at shallower depths. Oxygen gets toxic as you go
> deeper the more oxygen you have the sooner you will hit that toxic mark.

yep, which is why you can dive deeper with air than with nitrox.

> I use nitrox on most dives prefer ean 34 since about the deepest I will
> hit is 98 fsw and that mix gives me about 19 more feet beyond that before
> it starts getting into the warning area.

and with EAN21 and a Po2 if 1.6 you could go to 218 feet.

Dennis

> Jim

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It's the -responsible- environmental alternative
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Jammer Six - 24 Jul 2004 00:27 GMT
> I know it allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?

Down to 250 FSW.

> And how much longer can a diver stay under compared to regular air?  

Not long.

> According to my Padi dive tables, you can stay at 95 feet for a total
> of 25 minutes, with Nitrox how long could you stay under?  

Until you get cold.

> Also, what are the dangers of Nitrox?  

There are none.

> Why do you have to take a special lessons to use Nitrox?  

You don't.

> I believe I read some where that Nitrox is easier on the body, is
> this true?

No.

Signature

"We're going to rush the hijackers."
    -Jeremy Glick, aboard United Airlines flight 93, September 11, 2001

Joe English - 24 Jul 2004 03:41 GMT
>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>
> Thanks!

Don't dive with Nitrox - IT DOES NOT ALLOW YOU TO DIVE DEEPER!

It allows you to extend your bottom time but at shallower depths

Take the class and find out why!

Take the class!
Alan Street - 24 Jul 2004 03:51 GMT
In article <cds6sm$9e3$0@216.39.146.232@theriver.com>, Jammer Six
<jammer@invalid.oz.net> wrote:

> In article <WEdMc.12788$Qu5.9897@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>, Von
> Fourche <monaco8292@hotmail.com> wrote:
[quoted text clipped - 24 lines]
>
> No.

Jammer, if you keep scaring off the newbies, there won't be any left to
play with.
Adam Helberg - 24 Jul 2004 07:23 GMT
>     So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?  And how much longer can a
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
>
> Thanks!

There is an online free Nitrox course (info courtesy of Lee) that explains what you
need to know to dive with Nitrox. Unfortunately it will not give you certification,
just the info

http://www.americandivecenter.com/nitrox/n2o2_m00.htm#m43

Adam.
Curtis - 26 Jul 2004 07:05 GMT
> There is an online free Nitrox course (info courtesy of Lee) that explains what you
> need to know to dive with Nitrox. Unfortunately it will not give you certification,
> just the info

   Ah, so there's the source of your expertise.......too bad you found HCI
before NRA in your other searches.

Curtis
Adam Helberg - 26 Jul 2004 22:27 GMT
> > There is an online free Nitrox course (info courtesy of Lee) that explains
> what you
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
>
> Curtis

Do you know of better source that's available free?
Curtis - 26 Jul 2004 23:05 GMT
> Do you know of better source that's available free?

   Well, yeah, I have a damn good source of information.......but, I'm not
free, or an instructor, and not posting what I know.  Adam, I'm here for
entertainment and some of the people, not to teach, brag, or show off my
experience / inexperience.

   Anyways, was just wondering if you're a DMO, since you work in an ER, or
have some medical knowledge of enriched air usage, or just like to post
about your new internet findings?

Curtis
Adam Helberg - 27 Jul 2004 00:08 GMT
> > Do you know of better source that's available free?
>
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
>
> Curtis

I'm an anesthesiologist and work in a hospital with trauma service (level 2). I'm
learning all the time and some of the questions posted here allow me to crystalize my
thoughts, some of it is entertainment as well. Needless to say I'm not as expert at
diving as some people here but forums like this have a mix of people who have
different strengths and it's amusing to see different points of view.

Adam
Joe English - 27 Jul 2004 00:48 GMT
> I'm an anesthesiologist and work in a hospital with trauma service (level 2). I'm
> learning all the time and some of the questions posted here allow me to crystalize my
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
>
> Adam

We find you amusing too! Although a bit naive.
Curtis - 27 Jul 2004 00:48 GMT
> I'm an anesthesiologist and work in a hospital with trauma service (level 2). I'm
> learning all the time and some of the questions posted here allow me to crystalize my
> thoughts, some of it is entertainment as well. Needless to say I'm not as expert at
> diving as some people here but forums like this have a mix of people who have
> different strengths and it's amusing to see different points of view.

   Fair enough, thank you.

   Surely you are aware of the trait of doctors, engineers and the like who
because they have extensive knowledge in a specific area, they believe they
are experts on everything they do.

Curtis
Adam Helberg - 27 Jul 2004 02:18 GMT
> > I'm an anesthesiologist and work in a hospital with trauma service (level
> 2). I'm
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
>
> Curtis

As is true for any large group of people you can't generalize.
Adam
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 19:09 GMT
>>     Surely you are aware of the trait of doctors, engineers and the like who
>> because they have extensive knowledge in a specific area, they believe they
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>As is true for any large group of people you can't generalize.
>Adam

You just did. Is there some reason the rest of us cannot?

safe diving,

bullshark
Adam Helberg - 02 Aug 2004 04:07 GMT
> >>     Surely you are aware of the trait of doctors, engineers and the like who
> >> because they have extensive knowledge in a specific area, they believe they
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
>
> You just did. Is there some reason the rest of us cannot?

Another more important point is that even when there is a statistical trend, when
addressing an individual one needs to suppress labeling, for statistics do not apply
to a single individual.  This is a problem faced by physicians all the time, for we
are taught epidemiology, but then we are dealing with a single patient and have to
resist making presumptions without listening to the individual.

Adam
Curtis - 02 Aug 2004 05:39 GMT
> Another more important point is that even when there is a statistical trend, when
> addressing an individual one needs to suppress labeling, for statistics do not apply
> to a single individual.  This is a problem faced by physicians all the time, for we
> are taught epidemiology, but then we are dealing with a single patient and have to
> resist making presumptions without listening to the individual.

   Hmmmmmmm.......I hope you don't work L & D, listening to the women's
every comment, then use that information to form your views on motherhood.

Curtis
Adam Helberg - 02 Aug 2004 06:13 GMT
> > Another more important point is that even when there is a statistical
> trend, when
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
>
> Curtis

As Mr. Rogers used to say, we're all special, everyone is an individual and
different.
Curtis - 02 Aug 2004 06:26 GMT
> As Mr. Rogers used to say, we're all special, everyone is an individual and
> different.

   And I thought it was  "CHIT!!!  There goes the neighborhood!"

Curtis
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 19:06 GMT
>There is an online free Nitrox course (info courtesy of Lee) that explains what you
>need to know to dive with Nitrox. Unfortunately it will not give you certification,
>just the info
>
>http://www.americandivecenter.com/nitrox/n202_m00.htm#m43

It is NOT "courtesy of Lee". He may have given you the link but Lee Bell
had nothing to do with the production or maintenance of the site as your
post indicates.

It's a pity you don't know how to complete the course. I'll make
it a point not to tell you how.

If anyone else is interested, they can email me and I will tell them
what to do. The certification is, of course, not free, and I will reply
to no one that requires me to mend their reply-to before doing them a
favor.

Unfortunately, the entry point you have provided is not the right place
to start either. On the preceding pages, there is important information that
everyone should know, including how to complete the process.

The page you posted was never intended to be an entry point and others should
not use it without benefit of the prior pages, or they will be equally
disadvantaged as you.

safe diving,

bullshark
Lee Bell - 24 Jul 2004 23:12 GMT
> So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
> allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?

Sorry, but nitrox is not a deep gas.  It does not allow you to dive as
deeply, at least safely, as air does.

> And how much longer can a diver stay under compared to regular air?

Nitrox reduces the amount of nitrogen in the breathing mix by adding oxygen.
In doing so, it extends the no decompression time beyond what it would be on
the same dive on air.  The amount of change depends on how much the nitrogen
is reduced.  The downside to nitrox, which is why it is not a deep gas, is
that oxygen, at high partial pressures, become toxic.  It causes
convulsions, which tend to be fatal when they occur underwater.  By
replacing nitrogen with oxygen, you limit the safe depth you at which the
gas can be used.  Again, the amount of change depends on the amount of
oxygen in the mix.  Knowing how the no deco time and toxicity are affected
are why you take a separate nitrox course.  Some instructors offer the
nitrox course with the open water course.  If you're interested, ask your
instructor.

Deep divers replace some nitrogen AND some oxygen with helium.

Lee
Rich Lockyer - 27 Jul 2004 08:38 GMT
>    So what exactly does diving with Nitrox allow a diver to do?  I know it
>allows you dive deeper, but how much deeper?

No it doesn't.

>And how much longer can a
>diver stay under compared to regular air?  According to my Padi dive tables,
>you can stay at 95 feet for a total of 25 minutes, with Nitrox how long
>could you stay under?

It depends on the mixture.  The greatest benefit is in the 60-80ft
range.  At 100ft, you're only looking at a 5-minute improvement, and
the benefit decreases quickly as you go deeper... for more than one
reason.

>  Also, what are the dangers of Nitrox?

If you go too deep you can die.  This doesn't become an issue with air
until you get below 200ft, but with nitrox, it can become an issue at
80ft.

>Why do you
>have to take a special lessons to use Nitrox?  

See the above three answers.

>I believe I read some where
>that Nitrox is easier on the body, is this true?

When using nitrox, but diving normal tables, you have a lower nitrogen
load when you surface.

This manifests itself as a decreased probability that you'll get bent,
but those who claim they "feel better" are probably NOT suffering from
subclinical DCS symptoms that they would normally encounter after a
dive.
If you take advantage of the extended bottom time available with
nitrox, then this entire argument goes away.

You also have to consider that extended bottom times result in longer
exposure to the cold water, which is actually harder on the body.
There are also issues where elevated pressure of oxygen is harder on
the lungs, though this is not an issue for sensible recreational NDL
diving.

Some claim that it is not as narcotic as air.  My buddy feels this
way.... I don't.  At 100ft, I can't tell the difference between nitrox
and air.

 --- Rich
 http://richlockyer.tripod.com/
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 19:44 GMT
>At 100ft, you're only looking at a 5-minute improvement, and
>the benefit decreases quickly as you go deeper... for more than one
>reason.

Totally wrong.

At 100 feet, breathing EAN40, the No stop time is?
Hint: Its a LOT more than Air NDL+5 (try TWICE as long)
It's 40 minutes vs 20 minutes.

Even subscribing to your silly 1.4 PO2 fear conventions, choosing Ean36
yields 30 minutes vs 20 minutes.

At 130 feet breathing EAN32, the No Stop time is?
Hint: Its a LOT more than Air NDL+5 (try TWICE as long)
It's 20 minutes vs 10 minutes.

>If you go too deep you can die.  This doesn't become an issue with air
>until you get below 200ft, but with nitrox, it can become an issue at
>80ft.

What is your agenda here?

For Nitrox you are subscribing to the PADI 1.4 PO2 rule (80 feet)
but for some reason, when diving air, you believe that 1.6 is A-OK,
Not to mention your back-hand recommendation for deep air).

>This manifests itself as a decreased probability that you'll get bent,

More bullshit. It does not manifest as anything of the sort.
According to all statistical measures, DCS frequency among Nitrox
divers is equal to DCS frequency among air divers.

>You also have to consider that extended bottom times result in longer
>exposure to the cold water, which is actually harder on the body.

You don't have to consider any such thing. Many people that use
Nitrox do not get extended bottom times, because they can't make
a tank full of nitrox last any longer than a tank full of air.
Many air divers use computers and extend their time in the shallows
such that their time in the water is the SAME or more than Nitrox
divers. An hour in the water is an hour in the water.

Cold isn't an issue unless you're one of the Clod-Pated idiots that
refuses to dress warmly and that has nothing to do with gas choice.

I've never seen so much misinformation in one post.

bullshark
Curtis - 01 Aug 2004 21:23 GMT
> Cold isn't an issue unless you're one of the Clod-Pated idiots that
> refuses to dress warmly

   Why are my ears burning?

Curtis
bullshark - 01 Aug 2004 23:02 GMT
>> Cold isn't an issue unless you're one of the Clod-Pated idiots that
>> refuses to dress warmly
>
>    Why are my ears burning?

I don't know. I've seen you several times and never once did I
see a single clod on your pate... (c:

safe diving,

bullshark
Curtis - 01 Aug 2004 23:19 GMT
> I don't know. I've seen you several times and never once did I
> see a single clod on your pate... (c:

   LOL, so much for explaining that.

Curtis
 
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